Dr Bijoy Debbarma
26 june2023 talyungni tangsalo tiptrasani siri sitini mwtai kharchi mwtai hododom dododom khe palaijaknai. kharchi mwtai bwsw kwcham, bwkhao swhngmari nukjago. Abo kubuichacha hindurokni mwtai eba swrai swrai tiprasani mwtai eba kirat rokni mwtai kok kasao khwmaka.
Buphuru ni simi tiprasarok kharsi mwtai rinani cheng, tei mwtai ni bumungrok pharjkamatwi soi bumungde? Kwbang swhngmari tongo ? Phiya sabo abono yachak nai eba yachakma yapharnai.
Kok yaphang: – Rajmalao swijak bubagra subrai eba triluchonni buma isri hiraboti twi tukunani thahngphuru mwtairokno buphang saka kajak nugo, boira misipbai ruphere jagwi. Mwtai dagitwi isri hiraboti bini khajani risa misipni kotogo phinkli rikhe o misip nirai nirai wngwi boilango, aboni ulo abo dama bai ratharjago. O mwtairoknonw isri bini noyungmao tongthai yapharo. Aboroknw ulo kharchi mwtai hinwi bumung rijago. Khar kokni meaning wngkha to runaway, kiritwi kharmani, chi wngkha ten. Kharchi hinkhe sana kwlaio chi khorok mwtai misip boira bai rupherejagwi isri bai misipni yakni mwthangjago tei ulo isri bohrokno bosongni mwtai hinwi chongwi nao.
Phiya tabuk chwng nugo i jila mwtai ni lekhamung chi laiwi chibrwi wngkha, uanjwirok abono tabuk chouddo debota hinwi salaio, tei baksa tiprasabo chibrwi mwtai hinwi salaio. Chengma jora mwtai chibrwi tongma de eba chi khorok tongmani. Kerang kothoma bai bumung pharmani bai halok khujak. Ang uansugo khorok brwi mwtai ulo aro khobujakkha eba chichok jakkha uanjwi bamon rokbai.
Rajmalani pwila lohor kerang kothomani kok saya. Oro swijak isri hirabotini bwsai tripur eba Twipra soi kokborokbai belai akarjak, raida gosiya hinwi mohadev bai bwtharjakphung trisulbai sukak Jafri. Mohadev eba Shiv ni thani ruai manwi isri hiraboti sak kupulum wngphung teu ulo bubagra subrai bini khurio achaiphaio. O jora mohadev chibwrwi khorok kharsi mwtaino bosongni mwtai swnamwi mwtai rina bagwi dagi lango hinwi Rajmala o swijak.
Rajmalao swijak isri hiraboti eba bini noyungmani borokrok bwkhai kharsi mwtaino mwtai rina nang eba raida tamo aborok mungsa siyaphung. Aphuru Mohadev saka kharsi mwtai rimani raida deurai roksio bohrok mwtai rina kwrwng ochai. O deurirok bubagra twipra bai satok jagwi noyungma yakarwi sagor deep o tongo o jial thahngwi bohrokno tibi phaikhe bwkhai mwtai rina nang bohroknw joto luajima nauanw.
Rajmalani koktwi duerai rok mwtai rinani kwrwng, deurai rok kukubuinw kharchi mwtaini ochai wngwi tongkhe kharchi mwtai swkangni siminw tongnani kok tongmani. Chini tripura haste kuki bosongrokni bising deuri hinwi title gwnang takhuk song tongo. Bohrok ambassa bai tonglaio. Rajmalao swijak naga tei kuki rok kharchi mwtaino mwtai rilaio. Hinkhe tripura haste tongnai deurai rok o laibumani deuri bosongni borokde wngkha. Amjogwi naijaknani kok.
Romwi nakha bubagra subarini molni simi kharsi mwtai rijakmani chengkha, bubagra subari pandob rokni bubagra Judisthir ni contemporary eba sakchwlai. Hinkhe abo 3000 BC swkangni kok.
Phiya chwng o jila tamo nuk mwtairokn bumung joto kok uanjwi bai: 1. Horo eba Shankar 2. Uma eba Shankari, 3. Hori eba bishnu 4.Ma eba lakhsmi 5. Bani eba bakdevi 6.Kumar eba kartikeya 7.Gonopa eba gonopal eba gonesh, 8.Bidhi eba Brahma 9.Kha eba prithibi 10.Abdi eba Somudro 11.Ganga eba Bagirothi 12.sikhi eba ogni 13. Kam eba prodyutnma 14. Himadri eba Himalay Parvat.
Kharichi mwtaini bumung bwkhai uanjwi bumung bai pharjakman ojorao kok uanjwise Hayung saka achaiyakho.Kok uanjwini omor hajar kaisrok kadrop sekho. kok kubuikhe abose kharsi mwtai uanjwirokni eba hindu rokni mwtaiya abo swrai swrai tiprasani mwtai. Uanjwi bamonrok rajmalanao kokborokni simi kok uanjwi tei sanskritbai philphuru joto mwtaini bumungrok chini bubagrano brain wash kwhaiwi philwi kwlangkha. (Bwsakango teibo)
Part -II with conclusion.
Kharchi mwtai: Tiprasa mwtai, bumung khe uanjwini: Abo bwkhai wngman
Kharchi mwtai kubuichacha saboni, aboni soi bumung tamo tongmani, boksingwi sakhe chibrwi ,tabuktwi joratwi mwtai khwlaijak tongmani, aborokni soi bumung tamo aboni kok bothoma samani swkang uanjwirokni laibuma eba bohrokni kokni laibumano kisa Cherwi naina nango. chwgn jotonw sio uanjwirok wngikha songkor dopha eba sapuljak dopha, juda juda yarung tei bosongni borokrok sapuljagwi uanjwi dopha tei uanjwi kok achaio. Kok si kwrwng Dr suniti Kr Chattopadya samatwi kokunjwi wngkha indo aryaan language, kokuanjwini kwchamkuk mang eba sinimari tongmani Magadhi Prakrit. Indai, bangladesh tei teikubuni hano khobwi hayungo uanjwirokni bangmari wngkha 340 million, India abo second larges linguistic population, indiani 7.6 percent population kok unjwi slaio. Indian west Bengal no karwi Tripura haste, assam, jharkhand bihar, andama rogo uanjwirok tongbaio. Triprurao bohrokni lekhamari tiprasani lekhamarino laiwi kwlangkha, bangladeshni simi choaywi haphaphaimani bagwi. 10 eba 11 centurio uanjwi dopharok tei bohrok kok achaina chengo. Abono uansukkhe sanwi mano kok unjwini omor 1100 ni simi 1300 bisi kwcham.
Kokborok belai kwchamkuk kok i hayung saka, Dr Suniti kr Chattopadhya salangkha tiprasa tei bodo dimasa tei north eastni teibo borokrok kiratas bosongni borok , kokborokno khobjago tibeto barman gruop o ‘ O group o tongo dimasa, bodo, teua, mugli teibo north eastni kokrok.
Rajmalani koktwi 3500 BC swkangni simi tiprasa tei kokborok sanairok i hahung saka tongwi phaikha. Ramayan, Mahabharat, puran , ved rogo kiratrokni kok swijak tongo. Rajmalao bubagra subraino Poncho pandabni bubagra judisthir bai sak chwlai hinwi swijak tongo. Rajmalani laibuma twi Bubagra Subrai Indraprasthao thahngwi bubagra judisthir malaiwi koklam salaimani kok. Siya o kohtomarokni uklogo bwswk jora kubui tong. HInphano chwng chini laibumano kaichom khe rajmalani koknonw salailaio.
Bubagra subraini molni simi kharchi mwtaino mwtai rinlaimani chengjago hinwi swrai swrai khe rajmalao swijak. Hinkhe chwng sawi mano chini kharchi mwtaini omor 3500 BC.
Bubagra Pratap Manikya (1335 -1375 AD) jorani simi chini bubagrarok Manikya Title nanani chengo, aboni swkang joto bubagra pha bumung bai pharjakgo. Pha wngkha bubagra, apha. Abo siminuya Pratap manikyani swkang chini bubagrani bumungrok kwbangkuknw kokborok bai tongmani.
Kok kwrwng Dr Suniti Kr Chottopadya salangkha tiprasasa bubagrani kokborok bumungronw soi tei Sanskrit ei uanjwi bumungrok tatal gwja.
1431 bisio Bubgara maha Manikyani bwsala bupha thwima ulo 143 beremni bubagra Dharma manikya bugra khamplaio achugo. Bo aphuru benarosni simi bamon kwnwi sukrewsor tei baneswarno noyungmao tibi phaio.
Tipra bubagra songni kothoma siri sitini simi kokborok bai koloma swithaih bai swijagwi phaio siri sitini simi. Kharchi mwtaini mwtai rinai Chontai okra o laibumani swinani samungno kusungni simi kusung tangwi phaio. Bubagra Dharma manikyani molo kokborok bai paithak laibuma swianai wngkha Durlobendro chontai.
Bubagr Dharma manikya bwkha chongkha kokborok bai swijak bubagrani laibumano kok borokni simi kok uanjwi tei sanskrit bai ma philnai tei abotwinw bo durbobendro chontaino dagikhe chontai gosiya wngwi tongmani, bo chajakya wngwi bubagrano sakha bwinikok bai Bubagrani laibumano sakhe sumsok wngo, swraimung nango. A jora bubagr dharmao manikya durlobendro chongtaini kokno khwnakhe tiprasani laibuma tini juda wngkhamu.
durlobendro chontai bubagra bai dagi jagwi khwmakh laibuma kokborokni simi kok uanjwibai tei sanskritbai philnani ma gosikha muchungya twtwinw. O laibumano phil phurunw kharchi mwtai rokni bumungrokbo philjago.
Kokborok omor 3500BC, kok uanjwni omor 1300 bisi. Kharchi mwtaini omor bo 3500 BC; O jor na uajwi dopha achaikha, eba kok uanjwi . Hinkhe mwtaini bumung kok uanjwi achaima swkang bwkhai khe kok unajwi bai pharwi man. Abo bwkhai khe kubui wngwi man?? Koto swhngmari achaio.
O sukreswar baneswar noyungmo sokphaima swkang kokbrok tongmani court language, samung humung kokborok bai wngo, lingua franca bo kokborok tongmani. Bamon kwnwini chukli bai bubagra dharma manikya bini khukni kok koborokno noyungmani simi rukhlaikha tei kokboroni swithaih kolomanobo sokomol rikha.
Phaidi tabuk kharchi mwtaini bumung rokno kisa sinilaigrwna.
Kharchi mwtaini uanjwi bumung rajmalatwi: Horo, Hori, Uma, Ma ,Bani, Kumar, Gonpa , Bidhi, Prithibi, Obdi, Ganga, Sikhi, Kam, Himdrai, chibrwi mwtaini chibrwi uanjwi bumung.
Phiya Kailas Ch Singha bai swijak kharchi mwtairokni bumung kokborokbai mang , aboro wngkha: Mwtai koro, Twiama, Mailuma, khuluma, Lampra, Burasa, Burirok bukhuksni, Kaleya, Goreya.
Dr suniti kr Chottopadya bai bini bijao kira jonkritio o bumungroknw khulangkha tei soi bumung hinwi salangkha.
Kokborokni dictionary swinai takhuk binoy debbarmani chongmatwi Kharchi mwtairokni bumungrok wngkha: Ama,Sangrongma, Mailuma, khuluma, Twima, Haichukma, Noksuma, Ker, Nakri, Lampra, Akhita , Bikhita, Klaeya, Goreya.
IAS swi kwrwng Debopriyo Debbarmani uanswktwi mwtairokni bumung wngkha; Mwtai kotor, Akhita, Bikhita, Twima, Sangrongma, Mailuma, Khuluma, Noksu mwtai, Kaleya, Goreya, Thumnairok, Bonirok, swkal mwtai, Haichukma, Burasa, siri Jodmdu bai siri Jodu.
kok kwrwing Alindralal Tripura uansukmatwi khardchi mwtaini bumung: Sukundrai, Mukundrai, Kaleya, Goreya, Ikhita, Bikhta, Kwtharrok, Bonirok, Thumnairok, Mailuma, Khulum,a, Twibukma, Sachukma, Sangrognama.
Tiprasani hukumu mukumuni si kwrwng bukhuk pirsati uansukmatwi mwtairaokni bumung; Sangrongma, Twikwrwng, Kamsiri, Nak, Hartirwngprwng, Nausunarwng, Naphangkhwma, Nangthor, Nangrwng, Nangchi, Nanggiri, Nangwima, Twisrinaira, Nainangnai. Aborok joto twimani bumung bai.
Aro chwng nugo juda juda si kwrwngrok je bumung bohrok khuka ojila pherlaimung tongo tei solaimungbo tongo, bukhuk pirsatinino karwi..
kokbothoma khe abose, tabuk uanjwi bai je kharchi mwtwini bumung pharjaktongmani abo tatal tei danda. Chini sirisitini mwtai kharchi mwtai chengphuru uanjwi dopha hayung saka ase achaiyakho, kok uanjwibo achaiyakho, hinkhe bahaikhe abo kok uanjwibai pharjakman.
Hindini raida twi mwtaini bohorokno mwtai rimani chini ha kotor hindiani munsa thaio bo nukjakya eba examplebo kwrwi. Dr Suniti kr Chottopadhya sao bokhorokrok no nwtai rimani abo kiratrokni mwtai rimani mangpili.
chwng nugo tiprasa raidatwi kainwi mwtai kwthawi kaisa mwtai eba sni mwtai kwthawi mwtai kais wngo, abo hindu eba uanjwini raidao kwlaiya. Romdi thumnairok tei bonirok mwtai kwnwi baksa wngwi kaisa mwtai wngo, kaleya tei goreya kwnwi kaisa mwtai wngo, burirok bukhuksni swkal thumsa wngwi kaisa mwtai wngo.
Hinkhe o raida bwkhai khe hindu eba uanjwini wngwiman.
kok paithak wngkha kharchimwtai swrai swrai tiprasa mwtai, bumungorkbo kokbrok bai. Tbauk teisa kok unjwini simi mwtaini soi bumung kokborok bai bumung pharmani jora sokphaikha.
Ref: Kirat jana kirit Dr Sunity Kr Chattarjee
Sree Rajmala, Kaliprasanaya Sen
Rajmala, Kailash Chandra Singha
Kiratas JP Singh
Treatise on traditional social institution of the Tripuri community , Sri Debapriya Debarman.
ত্রিপুরার উপজাতি সংস্কৃতি ও তান্ত্রিক চিকিতসা শ্রী অলিন্দ্রলাল ত্রিপুরা
Kokborok Dictionary, Binoy Debbarma
Oral Tradition
